The “substr” Function in R

• Package: Base R (No specific package, it’s a built-in function)

• Purpose: To extract or replace substrings from a character vector.

• General Class: String Manipulation

• Required Argument(s):

• x: A character vector from which to extract or replace substrings.

• start: Starting position(s) of the substring(s) to be extracted or replaced.

• stop: Ending position(s) of the substring(s) to be extracted or replaced.

• Notable Optional Arguments:

• None

• Example:

• # Example usage
  sentence <- "The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog."
  
  # Extract a substring from position 5 to 9
  extracted_substring <- substr(sentence, start = 5, stop = 9)
  
  print(extracted_substring)

• In this example, substr is a built-in function in base R, and it is used to extract a substring from a character vector (sentence) starting from position 5 to position 9. The x, start, and stop arguments are required, and there are no additional optional arguments. The result is a character vector with the extracted substring.