The “toupper” Function in R

• Package: Base R (No specific package, it’s a built-in function)

• Purpose: To convert characters in a character vector to uppercase.

• General Class: String Manipulation

• Required Argument(s):

• x: A character vector to be converted to uppercase.

• Notable Optional Arguments:

• None

• Example:

• # Example usage
  words <- c("apple", "banana", "orange", "grape")
  
  # Convert all characters in the vector to uppercase
  uppercase_words <- toupper(words)
  
  print(uppercase_words)

• In this example, toupper is a built-in function in base R, and it is used to convert all characters in a character vector (words) to uppercase. The x argument is required, and there are no additional optional arguments. The result is a character vector with all elements converted to uppercase.